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GNDU Question Paper-2022
BA 3
rd
Semester
ENGLISH (Compulsory)
Time Allowed: Three Hours Max. Marks: 50
(1) Attempt Five questions in all, selecting at least One question from each section. The
Fifth question may be attempted from any section. All questions carry equal marks.
(2) Some questions may be divided into sub-parts, whichever question is chosen should be
attempted along with its sub-parts, if any. Sub-parts of questions cannot be chosen from
different questions.
SECTION-A
1 Do as directed:
(a) Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first:
I think that working at home has many advantages. I think that there are many
advantages_________
(b) Complete the sentence with 'on time' or 'in time':
The bus was late this morning, but it's usually __________
(c) Put in 'during' or 'while':
Please don't interrupt me ____________ I'm speaking.
(d) Complete the sentence using 'as if' :
Steve has never met Nicola, but he talks about her __________ his best friend.
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(e) Write a new sentence with the same meaning. Use 'unless" in your sentence:
She must apologize to me or I'll never speak to her again.
I’II _______________.
(f) Put in 'in case' or 'if':
You should tell the police_______ you have any information about the crime.
(g) Complete the sentence using even + comparative:
The Church is 500 years old, but the house next to it is ____________ .
(h) Rewrite the sentence with 'in the end'. Use the verb in brackets:
Judy got more and more fed up with her job.
(resign) ______________ _____.
(i) Complete the second sentence using 'by':
I went to Kate's house to see her, but she had gone out five minutes before I arrived.
I missed _________________ .
(j) Put in the correct preposition:
It was very nice ___________ you to do my shopping for me. Thank you very much.
2. Do as directed:
(a) Complete the second sentence using 'by':
My daily newspaper used to cost 60 pence. From today it costs 70 pence.
The price has gone up ___________.
(b) Put in the correct preposition:
They didn't reply to our letter, which wasn't very polite ___________ them.
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(c) Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first:
I don't know how to answer your question.
I can't think of an answer ___________
(d) Read the situations and make sentence using 'just in time':
A child ran into the road in front of your car. You saw the child at the last moment.
(manage/stop) I _____________
(e) Rewrite sentence with 'in the end'. Use the verb in brackets:
I tried to learn German, but I found it too difficult.
(give up) ______________
(f) Put in 'for' or 'during':
It rained _________ three days without stopping.
(g) Put in 'like' or 'as':
We heard a noise ________________ a baby crying.
(h) Use 'unless' or 'as long as' or 'provided' to complete the sentence:
You can borrow my car fast. you promise not to drive too
(i) Put in 'in case' or 'if':
I'll draw a map for you ________ you have difficulty finding our house.
(j) Put in 'still', or 'yet', or 'already' or 'any more' in the underlined part of the sentence:
Would you like to eat with us or have you eaten ?
Would _______________
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SECTION-B
3. Write an essay on any One topic:
Natural Disasters Or Importance of Sports.
4. Do as directed:
(a). Fill in the correct preposition in the following sentence:
Did you hear__________ what happened at the club on Saturday night?
(b) Fill in correct preposition in the following sentence:
We complained to the Manager of the restaurant____________ the food.
(c) Fill in correct preposition in the following sentence:
We had an enormous meal. It consisted seven courses.
(d) Fill in correct preposition in the following sentence:
Somebody broke___________ my car and stole the radio.
(e) Complete the following sentence using a verb + 'in'or 'out [of]':
Sally walked to the edge of the pool,____________ and swam to the other end.
(f) Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first:
Catherine's husband is Russian.
Catherine is married___________
(g) Change the underlined word. Keep the same meaning, but use a verb + 'on' or 'off':
Did you hear the bomb explode ?
Did you hear the bomb _________ ?
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(h) Complete the following sentence using a verb (in the correct form) + down:
I was really angry. It took me a long time to ___________
(i) Complete the second sentence using a verb + out:
A: Shall 1 leave the light on?
B: No, you can
(j) Use your own ideas to complete the sentence. Also use appropriate preposition:
Shakespear's plays have been translated _____________
SECTION-C
5. Give a detailed summary of the poem "Belinda's Dressing Table," and also tell, if Pope is
making fun of Belinda and the fashionable society?
6. In the poem, "La Belle Dame Sans Merci," what is the horrible dream that the knight
dreamt, and also tell do you feel sympathy for the knight or do you judge him as a foolish
dreamer? Give reasons to support your answer.
SECTION-D
7. (a) On the basis of your reading of "Global Health", please describe what steps can
government take to improve the health of its citizens ?
(b) Do as directed:
Give one word/words for the definitions below:
(i) To deal with a question or a problem ___________.
(ii) A signal that makes something clear ___________.
(iii) A long-term plan to achieve a goal ____________.
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(iv) Circle the cause and effect markers. Highlight cause and mark it with a C and underline
effect and mark it with E: Many infectious diseases are caused by unsafe water and
unsanitary living conditions.
(v) Circle the cause and effect markers. Highlight cause and mark it with a C and underline
effect and mark it with E: Some human diseases have been associated with chemicals in
the environment.
8. (a) On the basis of your reading of "Multicultural Societies," please describe, why most
people choose to immigrate ?
(b) Do as directed:
Give one word/words for the definitions below:
(i) To become weaker or destroyed by falling into small pieces
(ii) When something stays the same and doesn't move or change
(iii) Additional money that you must pay when you borrow money
Use the appropriate word/s to complete the sentences out of the given options:
Range (v), Source (n), Consist of (v), Contemporary (adv.), Prospects (n).
(iv) College graduates have far better job _________ than people who have only a high
school education.
(v) Most computers____________ a central processing unit, a monitor or
screen and a keyboard.
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GNDU Answer Paper-2022
Bachelor of Business Administration
BA 3
rd
Semester
ENGLISH (Compulsory)
Time Allowed: Three Hours Max. Marks: 50
(1) Attempt Five questions in all, selecting at least One question from each section. The
Fifth question may be attempted from any section. All questions carry equal marks.
(2) Some questions may be divided into sub-parts, whichever question is chosen should be
attempted along with its sub-parts, if any. Sub-parts of questions cannot be chosen from
different questions.
SECTION-A
1 Do as directed:
(a) Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first:
I think that working at home has many advantages. I think that there are many
advantages_________
Ans: I think that there are many advantages to working at home.
(b) Complete the sentence with 'on time' or 'in time':
The bus was late this morning, but it's usually __________
Ans: The bus was late this morning, but it's usually on time.
(c) Put in 'during' or 'while':
Please don't interrupt me ____________ I'm speaking.
Ans: Please don't interrupt me while I'm speaking.
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(d) Complete the sentence using 'as if' :
Steve has never met Nicola, but he talks about her __________ his best friend.
Ans: Steve has never met Nicola, but he talks about her as if she were his best friend.
(e) Write a new sentence with the same meaning. Use 'unless" in your sentence:
She must apologize to me or I'll never speak to her again.
I’II _______________.
Ans: I’ll never speak to her again unless she apologizes to me.
(f) Put in 'in case' or 'if':
You should tell the police_______ you have any information about the crime.
Ans: You should tell the police if you have any information about the crime.
(g) Complete the sentence using even + comparative:
The Church is 500 years old, but the house next to it is ____________ .
Ans: The Church is 500 years old, but the house next to it is even older.
(h) Rewrite the sentence with 'in the end'. Use the verb in brackets:
Judy got more and more fed up with her job.
(resign) ______________ _____.
Ans: Judy got more and more fed up with her job. In the end, she resigned.
(i) Complete the second sentence using 'by':
I went to Kate's house to see her, but she had gone out five minutes before I arrived.
I missed _________________ .
Ans: I missed her by five minutes.
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(j) Put in the correct preposition:
It was very nice ___________ you to do my shopping for me. Thank you very much.
Ans: It was very nice of you to do my shopping for me. Thank you very much.
2. Do as directed:
(a) Complete the second sentence using 'by':
My daily newspaper used to cost 60 pence. From today it costs 70 pence.
The price has gone up ___________.
Ans: The price has gone up by 10 pence.
(b) Put in the correct preposition:
They didn't reply to our letter, which wasn't very polite ___________ them.
Ans: They didn't reply to our letter, which wasn't very polite of them.
(c) Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first:
I don't know how to answer your question.
I can't think of an answer ___________
Ans: I can't think of an answer to your question.
(d) Read the situations and make sentence using 'just in time':
A child ran into the road in front of your car. You saw the child at the last moment.
(manage/stop) I _____________
Ans: I managed to stop just in time.
(e) Rewrite sentence with 'in the end'. Use the verb in brackets:
I tried to learn German, but I found it too difficult.
(give up) ______________
Ans: I tried to learn German, but I found it too difficult. In the end, I gave up.
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(f) Put in 'for' or 'during':
It rained _________ three days without stopping.
Ans: It rained for three days without stopping.
(g) Put in 'like' or 'as':
We heard a noise ________________ a baby crying.
Ans: We heard a noise like a baby crying.
(h) Use 'unless' or 'as long as' or 'provided' to complete the sentence:
You can borrow my car fast. you promise not to drive too
Ans: You can borrow my car as long as you promise not to drive too fast.
(i) Put in 'in case' or 'if':
I'll draw a map for you ________ you have difficulty finding our house.
Ans: I'll draw a map for you in case you have difficulty finding our house.
(j) Put in 'still', or 'yet', or 'already' or 'any more' in the underlined part of the sentence:
Would you like to eat with us or have you eaten ?
Would _______________
Ans: Would you like to eat with us, or have you already eaten?
SECTION-B
3. Write an essay on any One topic:
Natural Disasters Or Importance of Sports.
Ans: Natural Disasters
Imagine you are sitting in your classroom, enjoying a normal day. Suddenly, the ground
beneath you starts shaking, the fans swing wildly, and books fall from the shelves. Your
teacher shouts, “Everyone, get under the desks!” Within seconds, everything changes. What
seemed like an ordinary day has now turned into a frightening event. This sudden,
unexpected happening is what we call a natural disaster.
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Natural disasters are events caused by nature that bring destruction, suffering, and
sometimes even loss of life. They remind us of how powerful nature can be and how small
humans sometimes appear in front of it. But at the same time, they also teach us about
courage, unity, and preparedness.
What Are Natural Disasters?
A natural disaster is a sudden event caused by natural forces of the Earth, which results in
damage to life, property, and the environment. Unlike accidents or wars (which are man-
made), natural disasters occur due to changes in natural systems like the earth, water,
weather, or climate.
Some common natural disasters are:
• Earthquakes – shaking of the ground due to movement of Earth’s plates.
• Floods – overflow of water that submerges land and property.
• Cyclones/Hurricanes – strong rotating storms with violent winds and rain.
• Droughts – long periods without rainfall, leading to shortage of water.
• Volcanic Eruptions – lava, ash, and gases released from inside the Earth.
• Tsunamis – huge ocean waves caused by undersea earthquakes.
• Landslides – falling of rocks and soil down the slopes of mountains.
Each disaster has its own cause, but they all share one thing in common: they disrupt human
life and test our ability to respond.
Story 1: The Angry Ocean
Long ago, in 2004, a small boy named Arun was playing on the beach in Tamil Nadu, India.
Suddenly, he saw the sea pulling back – the water was moving away from the shore,
exposing seashells and fish on the sand. Excited, Arun called his friends to see this “magic.”
But within minutes, the ocean returned, not calmly, but in the form of giant, monstrous
waves that swallowed everything in their path. This was the Indian Ocean Tsunami, one of
the deadliest natural disasters in history.
This story shows how unpredictable and dangerous natural disasters can be. The tsunami
killed thousands of people across countries, destroyed villages, and left behind
unforgettable scars. But it also taught the world the importance of early warning systems
and safety education.
Causes of Natural Disasters
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Nature is powerful, and its systems are always in motion. Disasters occur when these
natural processes go beyond normal levels.
1. Movement of Earth’s plates → causes earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic
eruptions.
2. Weather changes → cyclones, floods, and droughts are linked to unusual weather
conditions.
3. Climatic changes → global warming is increasing the frequency of disasters.
4. Geographical features → mountains, rivers, and seas sometimes contribute to
landslides, floods, and storms.
Interestingly, some disasters are worsened by human actions. For example, cutting down
forests can lead to landslides, and poor city planning can make floods more dangerous.
Effects of Natural Disasters
The effects of natural disasters are widespread.
1. Loss of Human Life – Thousands of people may die during earthquakes, floods, or
cyclones.
2. Destruction of Property – Houses, schools, hospitals, and shops can be ruined.
3. Economic Loss – Crops, industries, and transport systems get damaged, affecting the
economy.
4. Psychological Impact – Survivors often suffer from trauma, fear, and loss of hope.
5. Environmental Damage – Forests may burn in wildfires, rivers may overflow, and
wildlife habitats may get destroyed.
Thus, natural disasters are not just about physical destruction; they also affect the mental
and emotional strength of people.
How Do People Cope with Disasters?
Humans may be small in front of nature, but they are also intelligent. Over time, we have
developed many ways to deal with natural disasters:
1. Preparedness – Schools and offices conduct mock drills for earthquakes and fires.
2. Technology – Satellites help in predicting cyclones and tsunamis.
3. Relief Work – Governments and NGOs provide food, medicine, and shelter to
survivors.
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4. Reconstruction – Damaged areas are rebuilt with stronger buildings and better
planning.
5. Community Spirit – People help each other, share resources, and work together in
difficult times.
Story 2: The Spirit of Resilience
In 2013, a devastating flood hit Uttarakhand, India. Entire towns were washed away, and
thousands lost their lives. But amidst the tragedy, stories of bravery emerged. A group of
villagers tied ropes across the raging river and rescued stranded people one by one. Some
gave food and shelter to strangers without thinking about themselves. This showed that
even in the darkest times, human kindness shines like a light.
Lessons from Natural Disasters
Natural disasters are harsh teachers, but they leave behind powerful lessons:
1. Respect Nature – We must live in harmony with nature, not against it.
2. Be Prepared – Awareness and preparedness can save lives.
3. Unity is Strength – Helping each other during crises makes us stronger.
4. Use Technology Wisely – Early warning systems and disaster management plans are
lifesavers.
5. Sustainable Living – Planting trees, protecting rivers, and avoiding over-construction
reduce risks.
Conclusion
Natural disasters remind us that we are part of a larger natural system. While we cannot
stop earthquakes, floods, or cyclones, we can reduce their damage through awareness,
preparedness, and cooperation. Just like a storm that eventually passes, disasters too leave
behind hope, courage, and a chance to rebuild.
So the next time you hear about a flood, an earthquake, or a cyclone, don’t just see it as
destruction. See it as nature’s way of reminding us to stay humble, to stay united, and to
stay prepared. Because in the end, it is not the disaster that defines us, but how we face it.
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(ii). Importance of Sports.
Ans: Importance of Sports
On a pleasant Sunday morning, a group of children gathered in a park. Some of them
brought cricket bats, others a football, and a few had badminton rackets. Within minutes,
the park was full of laughter, running feet, and shouts of encouragement. What was
happening there was not just a simple game; it was a lesson in teamwork, health, discipline,
and joy. This small scene reminds us why sports hold such a special place in human life.
Sports are often thought of as mere entertainment, something people do in their free time.
But the truth is much deeper. Sports are not just about winning a medal or a trophy; they
shape our body, mind, and character. They teach us how to face challenges, accept failures,
and celebrate success. In simple words, sports are not just games — they are life itself,
played in miniature.
Sports and Physical Health
One of the most obvious benefits of sports is physical fitness. In today’s world, where
machines do most of the work and people spend hours sitting in front of screens, sports
provide the necessary exercise to keep our body active and healthy. Running, jumping,
stretching, and moving during sports strengthen our muscles and bones. Games like
football, hockey, and basketball improve stamina, while sports like swimming and cycling
keep our hearts healthy.
Doctors often say that “exercise is medicine,” and sports are the most enjoyable form of
that medicine. A person who regularly plays sports is less likely to suffer from lifestyle
diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure. Thus, sports are not just fun;
they are also a shield that protects us from illnesses.
Sports and Mental Strength
Apart from physical health, sports play a huge role in building mental strength. Every game,
whether it is chess or cricket, requires concentration, patience, and strategy. When players
are on the field, they need to think quickly, control their emotions, and remain calm under
pressure. These skills are not limited to the ground; they are useful in every part of life.
For example, a student preparing for exams can learn time management and focus through
sports. A person facing challenges in work or business can learn patience and decision-
making from the discipline of games. Sports remind us that failure is not the end but a
stepping stone towards improvement.
Sports Build Character
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Let us imagine a young boy named Rohan who loved playing football. At first, he was not
very good at it. He often missed goals and sometimes even lost his balance while dribbling.
His friends laughed at him, and many times he thought of giving up. But his coach
encouraged him to keep trying. Slowly, with practice, Rohan improved. One day, he scored
the winning goal in an inter-school match.
What did Rohan learn from this journey? He discovered that hard work brings results, that
failures are only temporary, and that persistence leads to success. This is the real magic of
sports. They teach honesty, determination, courage, and humility. Winning gives
confidence, but losing teaches respect for others. Together, these qualities shape a person’s
character.
Sports and Teamwork
Another great lesson sports teach us is teamwork. In games like cricket, no single player can
win the match alone. A batsman depends on the bowler, the bowler on the fielders, and the
fielders on the captain’s strategy. Similarly, in life, no person can succeed without the help
of others. Whether in school, office, or society, teamwork is essential.
Sports also help us understand leadership. A captain leading a team is like a leader guiding a
group of people. He or she has to make decisions, motivate teammates, and take
responsibility for results. Thus, sports are like a training ground for future leaders.
Sports as a Source of Joy and Relaxation
In the midst of daily stress, sports provide joy and relaxation. Watching a cricket match with
friends, playing badminton in the evening, or even taking part in a simple race can bring
happiness. Sports refresh our mind and break the routine of daily life. That is why even
adults who are busy with work should spend some time in sports.
Think of the excitement during the Olympics or the FIFA World Cup. The whole world unites
to watch players from different countries compete with spirit and passion. Sports have the
power to connect people beyond boundaries of language, religion, and nationality.
Sports and National Pride
Sports are also a matter of pride for nations. When an athlete wins a medal for their
country, the national flag rises high, and the national anthem plays. This moment fills the
hearts of millions with joy and unity. Great players like Sachin Tendulkar, P. V. Sindhu, and
Milkha Singh have not only brought glory to themselves but also to the entire nation.
Sports events also promote peace and friendship between nations. For example,
international tournaments allow players from different countries to interact, compete fairly,
and respect one another. In this way, sports act as a bridge that connects the world.
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A Short Story of Inspiration
Consider the story of Wilma Rudolph, an American sprinter. As a child, she suffered from
polio and was told she would never walk again. But with determination, she overcame her
disability and went on to win three gold medals in the 1960 Olympics. Her story shows how
sports are not just about physical ability but about inner strength and willpower.
Stories like these inspire us to never give up and to believe in our potential. Sports are a
reminder that with courage and dedication, impossible things can be achieved.
Conclusion
In conclusion, sports are much more than games played on a field. They are lessons in
health, discipline, teamwork, character, and joy. They shape not only our body but also our
mind and soul. Whether we play them or watch them, sports enrich our lives in countless
ways.
As the children in the park continue to play with laughter and energy, we realize that sports
are not a luxury — they are a necessity. They prepare us for life, teach us to rise after every
fall, and remind us that the true victory lies not just in winning a match but in becoming a
better, stronger, and happier person.
4. Do as directed:
(a). Fill in the correct preposition in the following sentence:
Did you hear__________ what happened at the club on Saturday night?
Ans: Did you hear about what happened at the club on Saturday night?
(b) Fill in correct preposition in the following sentence:
We complained to the Manager of the restaurant____________ the food.
Ans: We complained to the Manager of the restaurant about the food.
(c) Fill in correct preposition in the following sentence:
We had an enormous meal. It consisted seven courses.
Ans: (c) We had an enormous meal. It consisted of seven courses.
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(d) Fill in correct preposition in the following sentence:
Somebody broke___________ my car and stole the radio.
Ans: (d) Somebody broke into my car and stole the radio.
(e) Complete the following sentence using a verb + 'in'or 'out [of]':
Sally walked to the edge of the pool,____________ and swam to the other end.
Ans: (e) Sally walked to the edge of the pool, dove in and swam to the other end.
(f) Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first:
Catherine's husband is Russian.
Catherine is married___________
Ans: (f) Catherine is married to a Russian.
(g) Change the underlined word. Keep the same meaning, but use a verb + 'on' or 'off':
Did you hear the bomb explode ?
Did you hear the bomb _________ ?
Ans: Did you hear the bomb go off?
(h) Complete the following sentence using a verb (in the correct form) + down:
I was really angry. It took me a long time to ___________
Ans: I was really angry. It took me a long time to calm down.
(i) Complete the second sentence using a verb + out:
A: Shall 1 leave the light on?
B: No, you can
Ans: A: Shall I leave the light on?
B: No, you can turn it out.
(j) Use your own ideas to complete the sentence. Also use appropriate preposition:
Shakespear's plays have been translated _____________
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Ans: Shakespeare's plays have been translated into many languages.
SECTION-C
5. Give a detailed summary of the poem "Belinda's Dressing Table," and also tell, if Pope is
making fun of Belinda and the fashionable society?
Ans: Belinda’s Dressing Table – Summary and Satire
Imagine this: A grand queen is preparing for a battle. The atmosphere is tense, the weapons
are shining, and the soldiers are ready. Now, shift this picture from a battlefield to the room
of a fashionable young lady, Belinda. Instead of swords and shields, we find powders,
perfumes, patches, and pins. Instead of preparing for war, she is preparing to look beautiful
in society. This is exactly the kind of humorous contrast Alexander Pope creates in the
famous description of Belinda’s Dressing Table in his mock-epic poem The Rape of the Lock.
Pope takes something ordinary and even trivial—a lady putting on her makeup in the
morning—and describes it in the grand style of an epic poet, as if he were narrating the
deeds of heroes. This playful exaggeration not only entertains the reader but also mocks the
vanity and foolishness of fashionable society.
Step-by-Step Summary of the Dressing Table Scene
1. Belinda wakes up late
The scene begins when Belinda wakes up, not on her own, but with the help of her
little pet dog. Her life is shown as one of leisure and luxury, not discipline.
Immediately after rising, her attention is drawn towards her dressing table.
2. The dressing table as an altar
Pope describes her dressing table in a way that makes it resemble a religious altar.
On this "altar," the objects of her daily makeup ritual are laid out—powders,
perfumes, jewels, pins, and patches. They are not presented as ordinary items but as
“sacred implements”, as though they are divine instruments.
3. The act of preparation
Belinda sits before her mirror and begins the process of decorating herself. This is
compared to a priestess performing a sacred ritual. Each step of her grooming
becomes like part of a religious ceremony, as if she is worshipping beauty itself.
4. The climax: seeing herself
After finishing her makeup, Belinda looks into the mirror, and Pope humorously
declares that a “heavenly image appears.” Of course, this heavenly figure is not a
goddess or an angel, but simply Belinda’s own reflection. Pope’s irony is sharp here:
she worships herself as though she were divine.
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Why does Pope describe it this way?
Pope uses the mock-epic technique. In classical epics like Homer’s Iliad or Virgil’s Aeneid,
poets described the weapons and rituals of great warriors with seriousness and grandeur.
Pope copies that style but applies it to something very trivial—makeup.
This exaggerated seriousness creates humor. For example:
• In an epic, the "altar" is for worshipping gods. Here, it is a dressing table.
• In an epic, soldiers polish weapons. Here, Belinda polishes her face with powder.
• In an epic, a hero looks for divine signs. Here, Belinda looks at herself in the mirror.
The contrast between style and subject is what makes this passage so funny and
memorable.
Is Pope making fun of Belinda?
Yes, but not just Belinda. He is using Belinda as a symbol of fashionable aristocratic women
of his age. His satire works on two levels:
1. Belinda’s Vanity
o She spends her morning not on prayer, not on work, but on decorating
herself.
o The ritual of makeup is treated as more important than anything else.
o She ends up almost “worshipping” herself.
2. Fashionable Society’s Shallow Values
o The whole society Pope describes is one where appearances matter more
than reality.
o Beauty, wealth, and luxury are valued above wisdom or virtue.
o Even small social incidents (like cutting a lock of hair, which is the main plot
of the poem) are exaggerated into something as serious as wars in epic
poetry.
So, Pope is not cruelly mocking Belinda as a person, but he is exposing the foolishness of the
society she represents.
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A Little Story to Understand the Satire
Think of a modern example: Imagine a student who has an exam the next morning. Instead
of studying, the student spends five hours carefully choosing clothes, polishing shoes, and
adjusting hair. When they finally sit down, they look in the mirror and say proudly, “Ah, I
look perfect!” But when the exam paper arrives, they cannot answer the questions.
Now, this is similar to Belinda. She is not preparing for any real responsibility but for
appearances. Pope exaggerates her actions as though they were sacred to show how
misplaced her priorities are.
Deeper Meaning
At one level, this scene is comic. Readers laugh at the way Pope elevates powder and pins to
the level of divine objects. But at another level, it is also a criticism of society. Pope is asking
us:
• Why do we spend so much energy on appearances?
• Why do we treat trivial matters as though they are life and death?
• Is our worship of beauty and fashion not like a false religion?
Belinda’s dressing table, therefore, becomes a symbol of vanity, materialism, and shallow
concerns.
Another Small Illustration
When we visit a temple or church, we expect people to bow before God. But imagine
someone building a temple only to place a big mirror inside it, so that every time they enter,
they bow before themselves. That would look ridiculous, right? Pope shows Belinda doing
something similar—treating her own image as the divine figure.
Conclusion
To sum up, Belinda’s Dressing Table is one of the most brilliant examples of satire in English
poetry. Pope takes the ordinary morning routine of a fashionable lady and describes it as if it
were an epic ritual. This deliberate exaggeration makes the scene humorous, but it also
exposes the vanity of Belinda and the hollowness of fashionable society in the 18th century.
Belinda is not meant to be hated—she is charming, beautiful, and lively. But she also
represents a society obsessed with outward show rather than inner worth. Pope makes fun
of this world not with anger but with playful wit.
In the end, the scene of the dressing table is more than just a description of cosmetics—it is
a mirror held up to society, reflecting its love for appearances, luxury, and trivial concerns,
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all disguised as something “sacred.” Pope’s genius lies in making us laugh, but also making
us think about our own priorities.
6. In the poem, "La Belle Dame Sans Merci," what is the horrible dream that the knight
dreamt, and also tell do you feel sympathy for the knight or do you judge him as a foolish
dreamer? Give reasons to support your answer.
Ans: Imagine you are walking alone on a cold, late autumn evening. The trees are bare, the
fields look lifeless, and the air feels heavy with silence. Suddenly, by the edge of the
withered lake, you see a pale knight sitting on the ground, weak, lonely, and full of sorrow.
This is exactly how John Keats begins his haunting poem La Belle Dame Sans Merci—by
painting before us the sad picture of a knight who once lived in joy but is now trapped in
despair. To understand his suffering, we must carefully step into his story, especially the
dream that changed his life forever.
The Knight’s Horrible Dream
The knight tells us that he once met a mysterious and enchanting lady in the meadows. She
was “a fairy’s child,” beautiful beyond imagination, with long hair, wild eyes, and a sweet
smile. The lady sang songs to him, fed him exotic food (roots, honey, and manna), and
seemed deeply affectionate. Like any young man suddenly finding such a magical
companion, the knight fell under her charm.
But then comes the turning point. The lady takes him to her cave and lulls him asleep. It is in
his sleep that the knight has a horrible dream—a vision so frightening that it still haunts him:
He dreams of pale kings, warriors, and princes, all of them dead-looking, with hollow eyes.
These ghostly figures warn him with chilling words: “La Belle Dame Sans Merci hath thee in
thrall!” (meaning: The beautiful lady without mercy has enslaved you!).
The knight realizes, too late, that he is not the first victim of her charm—many before him
have been destroyed by her, and now he is trapped in the same fate. When he wakes up,
the lady is gone, leaving him abandoned, heartbroken, and cursed to wander in misery.
So, the dream is not just an ordinary nightmare; it is a revelation, a symbolic truth that the
lady represents fatal attraction—something that looks sweet and lovely at first but ends in
destruction.
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Should We Feel Sympathy for the Knight? Or Judge Him as Foolish?
Now comes the more interesting part of the question: how should we look at the knight?
Should we pity him, or should we shake our heads and say, “He should have known better”?
Let’s look at both sides.
Why We Should Feel Sympathy for Him
1. He is a victim of deception
The knight was honest and innocent. He offered the lady affection, made her a
garland and bracelets, and treated her with devotion. In return, she lured him with
her beauty, songs, and charms. His downfall was not born from wickedness but from
trusting too much. We naturally feel compassion when someone suffers despite
having pure intentions.
2. The dream shows he is trapped
In the dream, he sees other victims like him. That means he is not the only one
fooled—many strong men (kings, princes, warriors) were equally deceived. If even
such powerful figures could not escape her spell, how can we harshly judge a single
knight? His suffering is part of a larger, tragic pattern.
3. Human weakness is relatable
Haven’t we all, at some point, been attracted to something or someone that later
turned out to be harmful? It could be a friendship, a habit, or even a temptation. The
knight’s downfall is a mirror of our own weaknesses. This makes us feel more
sympathetic towards him.
Why We Might Call Him Foolish
1. He ignored the warning signs
The lady’s “wild eyes” and strange behavior hinted at danger. Instead of being
cautious, he gave himself up entirely to her charm. A wiser man might have enjoyed
her company but kept some distance.
2. He was blinded by desire
His passion was so intense that he stopped thinking rationally. He quickly believed
her love was true without questioning her sudden affection. In that sense, his misery
was partly caused by his own lack of judgment.
A Balanced View
The fairest approach is to see the knight as both a victim and a dreamer. He was tricked, yes,
but his own naivety allowed the trick to work so well. He is not foolish in a comical way, but
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tragic in the sense that his longing for love led him into a dangerous trap. Keats, through this
knight, seems to be teaching us a lesson: beauty and charm can be dangerously deceptive if
we do not balance them with wisdom.
A Little Story to Connect
To understand this better, let’s think of a simple story. Imagine a child who sees a bright,
colorful candy stall at a fair. The sweets sparkle under the lights, and the child rushes to buy
a handful. But later, the child finds that the candies were poisoned with too much color and
sugar—they make him sick. Who do we blame? The child, for being innocent and tempted?
Or the stall owner, for making the candies so dangerously attractive?
The knight is like that child. He saw beauty, sweetness, and charm, but behind it all was
danger. Our heart aches for him, yet we also wish he had been more careful.
Why This Poem Still Matters
Keats’s poem is not just about a knight and a lady. It speaks to every generation. In life, we
often chase after things that look beautiful—money, fame, love, habits—without thinking of
the cost. Like the knight, we sometimes wake up too late, after the charm is gone, and the
damage is done. The poem warns us gently: “Don’t let appearances blind you.”
Conclusion
In La Belle Dame Sans Merci, the knight’s horrible dream reveals the dark truth of the lady’s
enchantment—she has destroyed many men before, and now he too is a victim. Whether
we feel sympathy for him or judge him depends on our perspective. We pity him because he
was innocent, misled, and left broken; yet we also see his fault in being too quick to
surrender to beauty. Personally, I believe sympathy outweighs judgment—because his story
is not just his alone but a universal human story about love, desire, and deception.
Thus, Keats creates not only a haunting ballad but also a timeless lesson: be cautious of
charms that seem too perfect, for sometimes, what looks like paradise may lead us into
despair.
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SECTION-D
7. (a) On the basis of your reading of "Global Health", please describe what steps can
government take to improve the health of its citizens ?
Ans: A Fresh Beginning
Imagine a farmer who owns a huge piece of land. If he only waters one corner and forgets
the rest, can the field ever bloom fully? The answer is obvious—no. In the same way, a
government is like a farmer and the citizens are like plants. Unless every citizen is cared for,
watered with opportunities, and protected from diseases, the nation will never truly grow
strong.
When we read about Global Health, we realize that health is not just about doctors and
hospitals—it is about prevention, awareness, access, and fairness. A healthy citizen becomes
a productive worker, a loving parent, and a strong pillar of society. Therefore, the
government’s responsibility is not only to treat illnesses but also to create conditions where
people do not fall sick easily in the first place.
So, let us now explore the different steps a government can take to improve the health of its
people, almost like building the foundation of a strong house brick by brick.
1. Affordable and Accessible Healthcare for All
One of the biggest challenges is that medical treatment is often too expensive for ordinary
citizens. A poor family may spend all their savings on one surgery or avoid going to the
hospital at all.
To solve this, the government must:
• Build more public hospitals and clinics in rural and urban areas.
• Provide free or low-cost treatment for essential services.
• Introduce health insurance schemes so that even the poorest person can get proper
care without fearing bankruptcy.
Think of it like a safety net in a circus. Even if the performer falls, the net saves him. Health
insurance is that net for citizens.
2. Preventive Care: Stopping Diseases Before They Spread
It is always cheaper and easier to prevent a disease than to treat it after it has spread. The
government should launch large-scale vaccination programs, awareness campaigns about
hygiene, and regular check-up camps in schools and villages.
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For example, diseases like polio or smallpox were once dangerous enemies of humanity. But
with vaccines provided by governments across the world, they have almost disappeared.
This proves that prevention is stronger than cure.
3. Clean Water and Proper Sanitation
What is the use of the best hospital if people are forced to drink dirty water every day?
Many illnesses such as cholera, diarrhea, and typhoid are not caused by lack of doctors but
by lack of clean water and toilets.
Governments can improve this by:
• Building safe drinking water systems.
• Ensuring sewage treatment plants.
• Running awareness campaigns on washing hands and keeping surroundings clean.
A story from India shows how important this is. When the government started the Swachh
Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission), millions of toilets were built in villages. As a result,
many water-borne diseases reduced dramatically. This proves that health improvement
sometimes begins not in hospitals, but in homes and streets.
4. Nutrition and Food Security
A body cannot fight illness if it is weak and malnourished. Malnutrition in children leads to
stunted growth and weak immunity. Governments should therefore ensure that:
• Every child has access to healthy mid-day meals in schools.
• Farmers get support to produce nutritious crops.
• Poor families receive subsidized food grains.
A famous line says, “The first wealth is health.” But to achieve that, the first step is often a
healthy plate of food.
5. Education and Awareness Programs
Even the best health schemes fail if people are not aware of them. Many rural families may
not know why vaccination is important or why boiling water prevents disease.
Thus, governments must:
• Use schools, TV, radio, and social media to spread awareness.
• Train community health workers who can guide villagers directly.
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• Encourage people to adopt healthy lifestyles such as exercise, balanced diet, and
quitting smoking or alcohol.
One inspiring story comes from a small village in Africa. A government health worker once
taught mothers about washing hands before feeding children. Within a few months, the
cases of stomach infections reduced by half. This shows that sometimes knowledge is the
best medicine.
6. Stronger Medical Infrastructure
A good healthcare system is like an army—it must be ready in peace and war. The COVID-19
pandemic taught us that many countries were unprepared. To avoid such crises,
governments should:
• Build more hospitals, labs, and testing centers.
• Train and recruit more doctors, nurses, and paramedics.
• Invest in research and technology for faster treatments.
This not only saves lives but also builds confidence in citizens that their government can
protect them in emergencies.
7. Special Care for Vulnerable Groups
Not everyone has the same health needs. Children, women, elderly people, and differently-
abled citizens often require extra care. Governments should provide:
• Free maternal and child healthcare.
• Regular health check-ups for senior citizens.
• Disability-friendly health facilities.
By caring for the weakest, a government shows that no citizen is left behind.
8. Environmental Protection and Pollution Control
We often forget that our environment directly affects our health. Polluted air causes
asthma, polluted rivers cause disease, and deforestation increases the risk of new viruses.
Thus, governments must:
• Reduce industrial pollution.
• Promote green energy and clean transport.
• Protect forests and natural resources.
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A healthy environment means healthier citizens. After all, we breathe what the earth
breathes.
Conclusion
Improving the health of citizens is not a one-day task; it is like building a strong house where
every brick matters—clean water, nutritious food, good hospitals, awareness, and a clean
environment.
If the government acts wisely, a nation can become not just wealthy but also healthy,
because a country’s greatest treasure is not gold or diamonds, but the smiling faces of
healthy citizens.
(b) Do as directed:
Give one word/words for the definitions below:
(i) To deal with a question or a problem ___________.
(ii) A signal that makes something clear ___________.
(iii) A long-term plan to achieve a goal ____________.
Ans: (i) To deal with a question or a problem → Address
(ii) A signal that makes something clear → Indication
(iii) A long-term plan to achieve a goal → Strategy
(iv) Circle the cause and effect markers. Highlight cause and mark it with a C and underline
effect and mark it with E: Many infectious diseases are caused by unsafe water and
unsanitary living conditions.
Ans: Sentence:
Many infectious diseases are caused by unsafe water and unsanitary living conditions.
• Cause (C): unsafe water and unsanitary living conditions
• Effect (E): infectious diseases
• Cause/Effect Marker: are caused by
Marked version:
Many infectious diseases (E) are caused by (cause–effect marker) unsafe water and
unsanitary living conditions (C).
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(v) Circle the cause and effect markers. Highlight cause and mark it with a C and underline
effect and mark it with E: Some human diseases have been associated with chemicals in
the environment.
Ans: Sentence:
Some human diseases have been associated with chemicals in the environment.
• Cause (C): chemicals in the environment
• Effect (E): human diseases
• Cause/Effect Marker: have been associated with
Marked version:
Some human diseases (E) have been associated with (cause–effect marker) chemicals in the
environment (C).
8. (a) On the basis of your reading of "Multicultural Societies," please describe, why most
people choose to immigrate ?
Ans: A Different Beginning
Long ago, a young man stood at the shore of a river. On one side was his tiny village — safe,
familiar, but poor. On the other side lay a city he had only heard about, where jobs were
plenty, food was cheap, and life promised to be brighter. He hesitated, not because he
didn’t love his home, but because he wanted something more for his family. Finally, he
crossed the river. That simple act — leaving one place to settle in another — is the essence
of immigration. And the truth is, millions of people in history have done the same thing, not
across rivers but across countries, continents, and oceans.
Immigration is not a new story. It has always been a part of human life. The reading
“Multicultural Societies” reminds us that people move from one land to another for a
variety of reasons, and most of these reasons are very human, very relatable. Let’s explore
them one by one, almost like we’re walking alongside the immigrants, listening to their
stories.
1. The Search for a Better Life
At the heart of immigration is hope. Most people leave their homeland because they believe
life will be better somewhere else. Sometimes, this means finding better jobs. Imagine a
farmer whose crops fail year after year because of droughts. He hears that in another
country factories are hiring workers. Naturally, he dreams of moving there — not because
he dislikes his farm, but because he wants to earn enough to send his children to school and
put food on the table.
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This is why countries like the United States, Canada, or Australia have historically attracted
millions of immigrants. These places are seen as lands of opportunity — where hard work is
rewarded, and dreams can turn into reality.
2. Education and Knowledge
Another powerful reason people immigrate is education. Parents often move to give their
children access to better schools and universities. Education is seen as the golden key that
opens doors to success.
Think of a student from a small town in India who wins a scholarship to study engineering in
Germany. For him, immigration is not just about moving to a new country — it is about
stepping into a future full of possibilities. Later, when he finds work there, he may settle
permanently. In this way, education becomes the first step in the journey of immigration.
3. Work and Economic Security
For many people, the decision to immigrate is driven by economic necessity. They are not
chasing luxury but basic survival. Some countries struggle with high unemployment. A
talented young graduate may find no job in his home country, but in another land,
companies are eager to hire skilled workers.
It is a very human instinct: to go where one’s skills are valued. That is why we see doctors
from one country practicing medicine in another, or laborers moving from poorer nations to
richer ones to work in construction, factories, or farms.
4. Escape from War and Violence
Sometimes, immigration is not about chasing dreams but escaping nightmares. War,
terrorism, or political unrest force thousands of families to flee their homelands every year.
Here’s a small story: A Syrian mother once described how she carried her baby across the
sea on a small, overcrowded boat, leaving behind her burning city. She said, “I didn’t leave
because I wanted to. I left because staying was death.” For such people, immigration is
about survival, not choice.
These immigrants often become refugees — people who must leave their homes to save
their lives.
5. Freedom and Human Rights
In many parts of the world, people cannot speak freely, practice their religion openly, or live
according to their beliefs. Immigration becomes a path to freedom. For example, many
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artists, writers, or thinkers have moved to other countries where they could express
themselves without fear of punishment.
This reason is less visible than money or jobs, but it is just as powerful. After all, human
beings need dignity and respect as much as they need bread and shelter.
6. Family and Relationships
Sometimes the heart decides where people go. Immigration is also about family reunions. If
one member of a family moves abroad for work, others may follow later. Parents move to
live with their children, siblings join one another, or a person may marry someone from
another country and settle there.
This shows that immigration is not always about economics or politics — it is also about
love, care, and belonging.
7. Adventure and Personal Growth
We must not forget that some people immigrate out of curiosity and adventure. They want
to see the world, learn new languages, and experience new cultures. To them, immigration
is not escape but exploration.
Such people enrich multicultural societies because they bring with them openness,
creativity, and new ideas.
The Bigger Picture: What “Multicultural Societies” Teaches Us
When people from different lands settle in one place, the society becomes multicultural.
This brings both challenges and opportunities:
• Challenges: cultural clashes, language barriers, and misunderstandings.
• Opportunities: exchange of ideas, new cuisines, diverse art forms, and a richer way
of life.
The essay “Multicultural Societies” tells us that immigration is not just about individuals
moving — it is about building societies that are diverse, creative, and vibrant.
Wrapping it Up Like a Story
So, why do most people choose to immigrate? The answer is as wide as the ocean:
• Some go for jobs,
• Some for education,
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• Some for safety,
• Some for freedom,
• And some simply for love or adventure.
But behind all these reasons lies one simple truth: people move because they dream of a
better tomorrow. Just like the young man who once crossed the river for a brighter future,
today’s immigrants cross borders, oceans, and skies for the same timeless reason — hope.
And that is why immigration, despite all its challenges, will always remain one of humanity’s
greatest journeys.
(b) Do as directed:
Give one word/words for the definitions below:
(i) To become weaker or destroyed by falling into small pieces
(ii) When something stays the same and doesn't move or change
(iii) Additional money that you must pay when you borrow money
Ans: (i) Crumble → To become weaker or destroyed by falling into small pieces.
(ii) Static / Stagnant → When something stays the same and doesn't move or change.
(iii) Interest → Additional money that you must pay when you borrow money.
Use the appropriate word/s to complete the sentences out of the given options:
Range (v), Source (n), Consist of (v), Contemporary (adv.), Prospects (n).
(iv) College graduates have far better job _________ than people who have only a high
school education.
(v) Most computers____________ a central processing unit, a monitor or
screen and a keyboard.
Ans: (iv) College graduates have far better job prospects than people who have only a high school
education.
(v) Most computers consist of a central processing unit, a monitor or screen and a keyboard.
“This paper has been carefully prepared for educational purposes. If you notice any mistakes or
have suggestions, feel free to share your feedback.
